glossary

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

    • - A -
    • Accelerated life test : A method designed to approximate in a short time the deteriorating effects obtained under normal service conditions.
    • Acid resistant : Having the ability to withstand the action of identified acids within specified limits of concentration and temperature.
    • Adapter : Fittings of various sizes and materials used to change an end fitting from one type to another type or one size to another.
    • Adhesion : The strength of bond between cured rubber surfaces or between a cured rubber surface and a non-rubber surface.
    • Adhesion failure : (1) the separation of two bonded surfaces at an interface by a force less than specified in a test method; (2) the separation of two adjoining surfaces due to service conditions.
    • Adhesive : A material which, when applied, will cause two surfaces to adhere.
    • Ambient temperature : The temperature of the atmosphere or medium surrounding an object under consideration.  
    • Ambient/atmospheric conditions : The surrounding conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and corrosion, to which a hose assembly is exposed.
    • ANSI : American National Standards Institute  
    • Antistatic : See Static conductive.
    • Application : The service conditions that determine how a hose assembly will be used.
    • Assembly : A general term referring to any hose coupled with end fittings of any style attached to one or both ends.
    • ASTM : American Society for Testing and Materials.
    • Attachment : The method of securing an end fitting to a hose (e.g., banding, crimping, swaging, or screw-together-2 piece or 3 piece-style-reusable fittings).  
    • Autoclave : An apparatus using superheated high pressure steam for sterilization, vulcanization and other processes.
    • - B -
    • Bend radius : The radius of the bent section of hose measured the the innermost surface of the curved portion.
    • Braid : The woven portion of a hose used as reinforcement to increase pressure rating and add hoop strength. Various materials such as polyester, cotton or metal are used. A hose may have one or more braids, outside or between layers of hose material.
    • - C -
    • C of C : Certificate on conformance or certificate of compliance; a document, typically signed and dated pertaining to a particular lot of purchase order on item(s), which describes any standards, specifications, tests, materials and/or performance attributes to which the referenced item(s) have met or will meet.
    • Cam & Groove : A type of fitting that allows connection and disconnection by means of arm(s) or cam(s) on the female fitting.  The seal is accomplished by means of a gasket, available in various materials. These fittings are frequently used on product transfer hose assemblies.
    • Cemented end : A hose end sealed with the application of a liquid coating.
    • Chemical compatibility : The relative degree to which a material may contact another without corrosion, degradation or adverse change of properties.
    • Chemical resistance : The ability of a particular polymer, rubber compound, or metal to exhibit minimal physical and/or chemical property changes when in contact with one or more chemicals for a specified length of time, at specified concentrations, pressure and temperature.
    • Clamp : A device used to hold a hose onto a fitting.
    • Coefficient of friction : A relative measure of the surface lubricity.
    • Compound : The mixture of rubber or plastic and other materials, which are combined to give the desired properties when, used int he manufacturing of a product.
    • Conductive : The ability to transfer electrical potential.
    • Convolution count : The number of ridges or corrugations per inch of a hose.
    • Convolution/corrugation : The annular or helical flexing member in corrugated or strip wound hose/corrugation.
    • Copolymer : A blend of two polymers.
    • Corrosion : The process of material degradation by chemical or electrochemical means.
    • Corrugated hose : Hose with a carcass fluted, radially or helically, to enhance its flexibility or reduce its weight.
    • Coupler : The female portion of the cam & groove connection with the cam arms.
    • Coupling : A frequently used alternative term for fitting.
    • - D -
    • Durometer : An instrument for measuring the hardness of rubber and plastic compounds.
    • Durometer hardness : A numerical value, which indicates the resistance to indentation of the blunt indentor of the durometer.
    • - E -
    • Elastomer : Any one of a group of polymeric materials, usually designated thermoset, such as natural rubber, or thermoplastic, which will soften the application of heat.
    • Electrostatic discharge : The sudden discharge of static electricity form an area of buildup to a grounding point.
    • Elongation : The increase in length expressed numerically as a percentage of the initial length.
    • Enlarged end : An end having a bore diameter greater than that of the main body of the hose, in order to accommodate a larger fitting.  
    • EPDM : Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer; an elastomer.
    • Extrude/extruded/extrusion : Forced through the shaping die of an extruder; extrusion may have a solid or hollow cross section.
    • - F -
    • Fatigue : The weakening or deterioration of a material occurring when a repetitious or continuous application of stress causes strain, which could lead to failure.
    • FDA : United States Food and Drug Administration.
    • Fitting/coupling : A device attached to the end of the hose to facilitate connection.
    • Flex life : The relative ability of an article to withstand bending stresses.
    • Flex life test : A laboratory method used to determine the life of a rubber product when subjected to dynamic bending stresses.
    • Flow rate : A volume of media being conveyed in a given time period.
    • - H -
    • Hand built hose : A hose made by hand on a mandrel, reinforced by textile or wire or combination of both.
    • Heat resistance : The property or ability to resist the deteriorating effects of elevated temperatures.
    • Helix : A shape formed by spiraling a wire or other reinforcement around the cylindrical body of a  hose; typically used in suction hose.
    • Hose : A flexible conduit consisting of a tube, reinforcement, and usually an outer cover.
    • - K -
    • Kinking : A temporary or permanent distortion of the hose induced by bending beyond the minimum bend radius.
    • - L -
    • Low temperature flexibility : The ability of a hose to be flexed, bent or bowed at low temperatures without loss of serviceability.
    • - M -
    • Mandrel built : A hose fabricated and/or vulcanized on a mandrel.
    • Media, medium : The substance(s) being conveyed through a system.
    • - N -
    • NAHAD : The abbreviation for the Association for Hose and Accessories Distribution.
    • Non-conductive : The inability to transfer an electrical charge.
    • - O -
    • OEM : Original equipment manufacturer.
    • Oil resistance : The ability of the materials to withstand exposure to oil.
    • Operating conditions : The pressure, temperature, motion, and environment to which a hose assembly is subjected.
    • Overall length (OAL) : The total length of a hose assembly, which consists of the free hose length plus the length of the coupling(s).
    • Ozone resistance : The ability to withstand the deteriorating effects of ozone (generally cracking).
    • - P -
    • Permeation : The process of migration of a substance into and through another, usually the movement of a gas into and through a hose material; the rate of permeation is specific to the substance, temperature, pressure and the material being permeated.
    • Pitch : 1) The distance from one point on a helix to the corresponding point on the next turn of the helix, measured parallel to the axis. 2) The distance between the two peaks of adjacent corrugation or convolution.
    • Plain ends : Fitting ends without threads, groove, or a bevel typically used for welding, as in a flange.
    • Ply : An individual layer in hose construction.
    • Polymer : A macromolecular material formed by the chemical combination of monomers, having either the same or different chemical compositions.
    • Pressure : Force ÷ unit area.
    • Pressure, maximum allowable working : The maximum pressure at which pressure at which a hose or hose assembly is designed to be used.
    • Profile : Used in reference to the contour rolled into strip during the process of manufacturing strip wound hose, or the finished shape of a corrugation/convolution.
    • PSI : Pounds per square inch.
    • PVC : Polyvinyl chloride. A low cost thermoplastic material typically used in the manufacturing of industrial hoses.
    • - R -
    • Reinforcement : The strengthening members, consisting of either fabric, cord, and/or metal, of a hose.
    • - S -
    • Smooth bore : A term used to describe the type of innercore in a hose.
    • Soft end : A hose end in which the rigid reinforcement of the body, usually wire, is omitted.
    • Specification : A document setting forth pertinent details of a product.
    • Spiral : A method of applying reinforcement in which there is not interlacing between individual strands of the reinforcement.
    • Static conductive : Having the capability of furnishing a path for a flow of static electricity.
    • Static wire : Wire incorporated in a hose to conduct static electricity.
    • - T -
    • Tape wrapped convoluted : A type of flexible hose incorporating layers of tape to form helical ridges and grooves.
    • Tear resistance : The property of a rubber tube or cover of a hose to resist tearing forces.
    • - V -
    • Vacuum formed convoluted : Smooth bore hose that is made flexible by the formation of ridges and grooves during a process that utilizes heat and vacuum to mechanically form convolutions.  
    • Vacuum resistance : The measure of a hoses ability to resist negative gauge pressure.
    • Vulcanization : A process during which a rubber compound, through a change in its chemical structure, improves or extends elastic properties over a greater range of temperature.
    • - W -
    • Weathering : The surface deterioration of a hose cover during outdoor exposure, as shown by checking, cracking, crazing and chalking.  
    • Wire reinforced : A hose containing wires to give added strength, increased dimensional stability; crush resistance.
    • Working temperature : The temperature range of the application, may include the temperature of the fluid conveyed of the environmental conditions the assembly in exposed to in use.